Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 3 PO 4 . It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, very soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as cleaning agent, builder, lubricant, food additives, stain remover, and degreaser.
The trading items are often partially hydrated and can range from anhydrous Na 3 PO 4 to dodecahydrate Na 3 PO 4 Ã, Â · 12 H 2 O. Most commonly found in the form of white powder, it can also be called trisodium orthophosphate or just sodium phosphate .
Video Trisodium phosphate
Production
Trisodium phosphate is produced by neutralizing phosphoric acid using sodium hydroxide, often with sodium carbonate. Carbonate can only produce disodium phosphate: 3 PO 4 -> Na 2 < 3 3 /sub> HPO 4 CO 2 H 2 O 4 NaOH -> Na 3 PO 4 H 2 O Maps Trisodium phosphate
Usage
Clean
Trisodium phosphate at one time is widely used in formulations for consumer-level soaps and detergents, and the most common use for trisodium phosphate is already present in the cleaning agent. The 1% pH solution is 12 (ie, very basic), and the solution is sufficiently alkaline to soap fats and oils. In combination with surfactants, TSP is an excellent agent to clear everything from laundry to concrete roads. This versatility and low manufacturing prices make TSP the basis for a large number of cleaning products sold in the mid-20th century. TSP is still sold and used as a cleaning agent, but since the late 1960s, its use has been reduced in the United States and many other parts of the world because, like many phosphate-based cleaners, it is known to cause extensive eutrophication of lakes and rivers after entering the water system. Substitutes are generally ineffective.
TSP is commonly used after cleansing the surface with mineral spirits to remove the hydrocarbon residue and can be used with household chlorine bleach in the same solution without harmful reactions. This mixture is very effective for eliminating fungi, but is less effective in removing fungi.
Although it is still an active ingredient in some toilet cleaning tablets, TSP is generally not recommended for cleaning the bathroom as it may stain metal fixtures and can damage the grout.
Chlorinated trinatrium phosphate
Dengan rumus material yang disebut chlorinated trisodium phosphate digunakan sebagai desinfektan dan pemutih, seperti sodium hypochlorite. Ini disiapkan menggunakan NaOCl sebagai pengganti beberapa basa untuk menetralisir asam fosfat.
Flux
In the US, trisodium phosphate is an approved flux for use in hard solder joints in medical grade copper pipes. Flux is applied as a concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxide at the temperature used in copper brazing. The residue dissolves in water and can be rinsed before the pipe is put into service.
TSP is used as an ingredient in flux designed to deoxygenate nonferrous metals for casting. It can be used in the production of ceramics to lower the glaze flow point.
Enrichment of painting
TSP is still commonly used for cleaning, degreasing, and wall deglossing before painting. TSP breaks down the oil-based paint and opens the pores of latex-based paints, providing a more suitable surface for subsequent layer adhesion.
Food additives
Sodium phosphate including monosodium phosphate, sodium phosphate, and trinodrium phosphate are approved as food additives in the EU. They are commonly used as acidity regulators and have collective E numbers E339 . The Food and Drug Administration of the United States noted that sodium phosphate is generally recognized as safe.
Improved workout performance
Trisodium phosphate has been supplemented as a nutritional supplement that can improve certain exercise performance parameters. The basis of this belief is the fact that phosphates are necessary for the cycle of energy-producing Krebs in aerobic metabolic centers. Phosphates are available from a number of other sources that are much lighter than TSP. Although TSP is non-toxic, it is very disturbing to the stomach unless used as part of the buffer solution.
Rule
In the Western world, phosphate use has declined due to ecological problems with damage to lakes and rivers through eutrophication.
replacement for TSP
At the end of the 20th century, many products that previously contained TSP were produced with TSP substitutes, which consisted mainly of sodium carbonate together with various nonionic surfactant mixtures and a limited percentage of sodium phosphate.
Products sold in lieu of TSP, containing soda ash and zeolite, are promoted as direct substitutes. However, sodium carbonate is not as basic as trinodrium phosphate, making it less effective in heavy applications. Zeolite, based on clay, is added to the washing detergent as a water softening agent and is essentially non-polluting; However, the zeolite is insoluble and can deposit fine residue, powder in the sink. TSP-labeled cleaning products may contain other ingredients, with perhaps less than 50% trinodrium phosphate.
References
External links
- Security data from IPCS INCHEM
- International Chemical Safety Card 1178
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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